EXPLORING SUSTAINABILITY WITH URBAN-RURAL MIGRANTS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC EXPERIENCE IN POLAND
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Nov 5, 2019
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Abstract
Globally, the word „migration” is most often associated with long distances and moving from one country to another. In the shadow of this comprehension stands the phenomenon of contemporary internal migration. I present a more rarely analysed type of it—lifestyle migration of people who made the decision to quit living in the big city.
From anthropological point of view, the study reveals push factors—the unfavourable matters about the civic area that one used to live in, and also pull factors that attract one to the new area. Placing them in the frame of counterurbanisation, I explore the close relations urban-rural migrants try to establish to both nature and small groups of society. Based on participant observation and interviews held with Polish lifestyle migrants and environmental activists, I point out the potential problems of the migrants in relation to the term “sustainability” which is central for their adjustments.
From anthropological point of view, the study reveals push factors—the unfavourable matters about the civic area that one used to live in, and also pull factors that attract one to the new area. Placing them in the frame of counterurbanisation, I explore the close relations urban-rural migrants try to establish to both nature and small groups of society. Based on participant observation and interviews held with Polish lifestyle migrants and environmental activists, I point out the potential problems of the migrants in relation to the term “sustainability” which is central for their adjustments.
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Dimitrova, Petya. 2019. “EXPLORING SUSTAINABILITY WITH URBAN-RURAL MIGRANTS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC EXPERIENCE IN POLAND”. EthnoAnthropoZoom/ЕтноАнтропоЗум 17 (November), 193-227. https://doi.org/10.37620/EAZ181700193d.
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Stone, Ian, Stubbs, Cherrie. 2007. ‘Enterprising expatriates: lifestyle migration and entrepreneurship in rural southern Europe’, Entrepreneurship and regional development. International journal 19, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08985620701552389?scroll=top&needAccess=true
Van Dam, Frank et al. 2002. ‘Lay discourses of the rural and stated and revealed preferences for rural living. Some evidence of the existence of a rural idyll in the Netherlands’. Journal of rural studies 18, https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0743016702000359/1-s2.0-S0743016702000359-main.pdf?_tid=e83e02ba-4f84-45a2-8b29-c8212a9338bf&acdnat=1523312127_0c0cfb22fe0b7d3674b601b14ce014d6
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Arendt, Hannah. (1953)2005. On the Nature of Totalitarianism: An Essay in Understanding.
Schocken Books
Bennett, Jane. 2010. Vibrant matter: a political ecology of things. Duke University Press
Boyle, Paul, K. Halfacree and V. Robinson. 1998. Exploring Contemporary Migration, London and New York: Routledge.
Clark, William. 2007. ‘Sustainability Science: A room of its own’. PNAS 104(6), http://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/104/6/1737.full.pdf
Cloke, P., Milbourne, P. 1992. ‘Deprivation and lifestyles in rural Wales. II: rurality and the cultural dimension’. Journal of Rural Studies 8, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/074301679290050G
Corral-Verdugo, Victor et al. 2011. ‘Happiness as Correlate of Sustainable Behavior: A Study of Pro-Ecological, Frugal, Equitable and Altruistic Actions That Promote Subjective Wellbeing’, Human Ecology Review 18, http://www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her182/corral-verdugo.pdf
Dahms, Fred, McComb, Janine. 1999. ‘‘Counterurbanization’, Interaction and Functional Change in a Rural Amenity Area – a Canadian Example’, Journal of Rural Studies 15, https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0743016798000564/1-s2.0-S0743016798000564-main.pdf?_tid=ece6a010-651c-47fb-82cb-5414bc3ee6ad&acdnat=1523816056_77e80178405908d87f35577be44c0ecf
Dietz, Thomas, Rosa, Eugene A., York, Richard. 2009. ‘Environmentally Efficient Well-Being: Rethinking Sustainability as the Relationship between Human Well-being and Environmental Impacts’, Human Ecology Review, http://www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her161/dietzetal.pdf
Elbersen, Berien S., Van Dam, Frank. 2000. ‘Living in rural areas: Revealed preferences for rural amenities’, Plurality and Rurality. The role of the countryside in urbanised regions, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/46635231_Living_in_rural_areas_Revealed_preferences_for_rural_amenities
Elshof, Hans et al. 2017. ‘The influence of village attractiveness on flows of movers in a declining rural region’, Journal of Rural Studies 56, https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0743016716303916/1-s2.0-S0743016716303916-main.pdf?_tid=b8932968-02dc-4a77-9294-a5e6a1c700a4&acdnat=1523105822_39f20c976868f94a59dbf92ab2944de8
Ergas, Christina. 2010. ‘A Model of Sustainable Living: Collective Identity in an Urban Ecovillage’, Organization & Environment 23, http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1086026609360324
Gieling, Joost et al. 2017. ‘Beyond the local-newcomer divide: Village attachment in the era of mobilities’, Journal of Rural Studies 55, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0743016716303886
Gkartzios, Menelaos, Mark Scott. 2009. 'Residential Mobilities and House Building in Rural Ireland: Evidence from Three Case Studies', Sociologia Ruralis 50(1): 64-84.
Halfacree, Keith H. 1995. 'Talking about rurality: Social representations of the rural as expressed by residents of six English parishes', Journal of Rural Studies 11(1): 1-20.
Henry, Adam. 2009. “The Challenge of Learning for Sustainability: A Prolegomenon to Theory’, Human Ecology Review 16, http://www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her162/henry.pdf
Kaiser, Florian. 1998. ‘A General Measure of Ecological Behaviour’, Journal of Applied Social Psychology 28(5), https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Florian_Kaiser2/publication/227830047_A_General_Measure_of_Ecological_Behavior1/links/572cbdca08aee02297597a04/A-General-Measure-of-Ecological-Behavior1.pdf
Kasper, Debbie. 2008. ‘Redefining Community in the Ecovillage’. Human Ecology Review 15, https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/785b/035a84665fbdb0e05b5044c84db857eae4bd.pdf
Latour, Bruno. 2005. Reassembling the Social: An Introduction to Actor-Network-Theory. Oxford: Oxford University Press
Milbourne, Paul. 2007. ‘Re-populating rural studies: Migrations, movements and mobilities’, Journal of rural studies 23, https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0743016707000289/1-s2.0-S0743016707000289-main.pdf?_tid=08555c9e-7425-4858-9332-4e4f130b130f&acdnat=1523115858_b4f1d722ed5d42d3a6d256bea08e8583
O'REILLY, K. and M. BENSON. 2009. ‚Lifestyle migration: escaping to the good life?' In: Lifestyle Migrations: Expectations, Aspirations and Experiences. Benson, M. And O'Reilly, K. (eds). 1-13. Ashgate.
Partridge, M. D. 2010. ‘The duelling models: NEG vs amenity migration in explaining US engines of growth’, Pap. Regional Sci. 89 (3)
Sant, M., Simons, P. 1993. ‘The conceptual basis of counterurbanisation: critique and development’. Australian Geographical Studies 31
Short, J. R. 1991. Imagined Country. Society, Culture and Environment. Routledge, London.
Shucksmith, Mark. 2018. ‘Re-imagining the rural: From rural idyll to Good Countryside’, Journal of Rural Studies 59, https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0743016716301632/1-s2.0-S0743016716301632-main.pdf?_tid=01b87c2e-5ddc-4cfb-9513-fd0c7814a0df&acdnat=1523098802_dd38ceea4802053ac6ed343e8e7e2f66
Stockdale, Aileen. 2016. ‘Contemporary and ‘Messy’ Rural In-migration Processes: Comparing Counterurban and Lateral Rural Migration’, Population, space and place 22, https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.1947
Stone, Ian, Stubbs, Cherrie. 2007. ‘Enterprising expatriates: lifestyle migration and entrepreneurship in rural southern Europe’, Entrepreneurship and regional development. International journal 19, https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08985620701552389?scroll=top&needAccess=true
Van Dam, Frank et al. 2002. ‘Lay discourses of the rural and stated and revealed preferences for rural living. Some evidence of the existence of a rural idyll in the Netherlands’. Journal of rural studies 18, https://ac.els-cdn.com/S0743016702000359/1-s2.0-S0743016702000359-main.pdf?_tid=e83e02ba-4f84-45a2-8b29-c8212a9338bf&acdnat=1523312127_0c0cfb22fe0b7d3674b601b14ce014d6
Vining, Joanne, Merrick, Melinda S., Price, Emily A. 2008. ‘The Distinction between Humans and Nature: Human Perceptions of Connectedness to Nature and Elements of the Natural and Unnatural’. Human Ecology Review 15, http://www.humanecologyreview.org/pastissues/her151/viningetal.pdf